The leading position among fungal diseases all over the world today is occupied by foot mycosis. The name “mycosis” in this case has a collective character that defines two characteristic diseases caused by two types of fungi.
Mycosis of the foot can also be caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida and mold.
Mixed flora can also be caused by mixed flora, which combines different types of microorganisms.
The distributor of this infection and its carrier is an infected person. For infection, direct contact is not needed: just touching household items that could get particles of skin or affected nails, in which the fungus will spore. Disputes are surprisingly tenacious in the environment, can safely survive in the environment, waiting for favorable conditions for reproduction – heat and moisture. Even in chlorinated water, spores live up to a crescent moon; alcohol kills them in two hours. It is easiest to get the fungus in the pool, pedicure room, bathhouse, on the beach, in the gym, on the rink. Risk factors are wearing someone else’s shoes, especially at the rental points, using a common towel. Such factors are not excluded among households, if one received spores of the fungus.
Do not think that in any risky case, infection should occur: the skin has bactericidal properties, is equipped with fungicides that inhibit the development of microorganisms. The chemical composition of sebum is designed in such a way that it creates a protective coating for the skin. An excellent protection is also the pH protection level. Unfortunately, he is very sensitive to hormonal fluctuations. Therefore, such human-independent changes in the acid-base balance can provoke the development of fungi on the skin, especially if there are predisposing factors. There are two of them.
1. Reasons that violate the integrity of the skin through the fault of the victim himself: wearing uncomfortable, rubbing shoes, as well as low-quality shoes in which the leg does not breathe and sweats; leg injuries. High dryness, resulting in microcracks, as well as deformations of the feet, leading to scuffs and calluses.
2. Systemic problems in the endocrine system, problems with blood vessels, changes in skin pH, renal failure and associated circulatory disturbances in the limbs, as well as long-term use of antibiotics
Manifestations of mycosis
The most common foot disease of fungal origin is rubrophytia. It starts with the defeat of the interdigital folds, goes to the sole, side parts and even the rear of the feet. Accompanied by coarsening of the skin on the sole, a feeling of dryness. The lesion proceeds with mild, periodically worsening symptoms.
Epidermophytosis has an acute course, occurs against a background of increased sweating. Symptoms of the lesion are often only on one foot; Often, individual areas are affected, mainly the folds between the fingers adjacent to each other. As a result of the development of infection, the stratum corneum exfoliates, forming cracks. Such erosions in conjunction with purulent cocci are delayed by bloody purulent crusts. Itching in the early stages of the disease turns into soreness in the later stages. Epodermophytes more often occur in the hot season, when sweating is most intensified.
Treatment
The use of external drugs act as an important component in the treatment of fungal diseases of the feet. In this case, a fungal infection can be cured by external means without problems if treatment is started in an unreleased stage. If there is an attachment of a bacterial infection or the lesion is of a mixed nature, antifungal agents of a multifunctional nature will be needed. For example, anti-fungal effects of such drugs have anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effects.
Treatment of complex recurrent infections involves a change in antifungal drugs to avoid the resistance of fungi.
Pharmacology has accumulated rich experience through the development of microbiology, practical mycology. The composition of the preparations includes such widely known components. Like salicylic acid, sulfur, chlorine, iodine, etc.
An increase in the level of foot mycosis lesion is caused by insufficient sanitary culture and a lack of knowledge about the methods of infection with this infection, self-medication and the lack of prevention and basic precautions.